Which potential side effect can occur from the use of antiemetics in children?

Antiemetics are medications used to prevent or treat nausea and vomiting, and their use in children can be associated with a range of side effects. Central nervous system (CNS) effects are particularly noteworthy in this context. Certain antiemetics can cross the blood-brain barrier and may lead to side effects such as sedation, dizziness, or altered mental status. This is especially important to consider in children who may be more sensitive to these effects due to their developing nervous systems.

In contrast to the correct choice, the other options do not typically relate to the known side effects of antiemetic medications in children. Increased appetite is not a common side effect and may not arise directly from the use of these drugs. Fluid overload is more pertinent in the context of fluid management in ill children rather than as a direct result of antiemetic use. Improved energy levels are generally not associated with antiemetics, as these medications are often more sedative rather than energizing. Thus, the CNS effects represent a crucial consideration for the safe use of antiemetics in pediatric patients.