What side effect should a patient expect when taking metoclopramide (Reglan)?

Drowsiness is a common side effect associated with metoclopramide, an antiemetic agent that works primarily by antagonizing dopamine receptors and enhancing gastrointestinal motility. This medication increases the sensitivity of the gastrointestinal system and accelerates gastric emptying, but it can also affect the central nervous system, leading to sedation.

Patients taking metoclopramide may feel relaxed or excessively sleepy due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and interact with dopaminergic pathways. Thus, drowsiness can be a significant concern, especially if patients need to drive or operate machinery after taking the medication. While headache, nausea, and dry mouth can occur with various medications, drowsiness is particularly notable with metoclopramide due to its pharmacological effects and is important for patients to be aware of when starting this medication.